The final comprehensive agreement was signed on 9 January 2005 and marked the start of implementation work. On 11 October 2007, the SPLM withdrew from the Government of National Unity (GoNU), accusing the central government of violating the terms of the CPA. In particular, the SPLM notes that the Khartoum-based government, dominated by the National Congress Party, has failed to withdraw more than 15,000 soldiers from the southern oil fields and not to implement the protocol on Abyei. The SPLM said it was not returning to war, while analysts found that the agreement had disintegrated for some time, partly because of the international focus on the conflict in neighbouring Darfur. [2] The SPLM announced its return to government on December 13, 2007 as a result of an agreement. The agreement provides that the seat of government will pass every three months between Juba and Khartoum, although it seems that this will be largely symbolic, as well as the financing of a census (important for the referendum) and a timetable for the withdrawal of troops at the border. [3] The process resulted in the following agreements (also called protocols): – The integrated team disseminated information on plant destruction and PPR disease that affects small ruminants in the southern muglads. During the week, bilateral meetings were also held in Kadugli with FAO to reach out to the ministries of agriculture and animal resources to reach agreement on appropriate next steps. For the south, an assessment of crop destruction is planned for next week, as FAO awaited a report on the use of vaccines and animal medicines, which was presented last month to determine if additional quantities are needed. This is a real problem for Africa, because marginalized ethnic groups are struggling with weapons to gain membership in these hegemonic centres or the separation of these hegemonic centres. However, this does not preclu her international involvement in African politics. Sudan`s geographical location and colonial history, for example, played an important role in the khartoum regime`s strong alliances with the Arab and Muslim world.

Opponents, on the other hand, have forged strong alliances with Western and non-Western secular groups. That is why I think we need to look at the meanings of independence and freedom in the context of several hegemonies, political interests and opposing intellectual visions. It was an unprecedented and hyperemologist moment for the Sudanese, both in the North and in the South. While most South Sudanese were happy, the people of Khartoum expressed mixed feelings of sadness and ambivalence.